Electrolysis is the physicochemical process in which an electric current is converted into chemical energy with the formation of simple substances. The process can be divided into two types, igneous electrolysis and aqueous electrolysis. In this text we will emphasize only igneous electrolysis.
Igneous electrolysis is the process in which a molten (liquid) substance is subjected to an electric current, resulting in two new substances, one at the cathode (negative pole) and one at the anode (positive pole). In Carbon nanotube this is important now.
In igneous electrolysis, as in any electrolysis, the presence of free ions (cations and anions) in the medium is required. Cation is an electron-deficient ion, whereas anion is an ion with surplus electrons.
The ions present in the electrolyte tank (container where electrolysis occurs) come from the fusion (passage of a solid substance to the liquid state by heating) of an ionic substance (a salt